Built by convict labour from limestone quarried on the site, Fremantle Prison is the largest convict-built structure in Western Australia and the most intact convict establishment in the country. Construction began in the early 1850s after convicts started arriving to ease a labour shortage in the young Swan River Colony, and the first prisoners moved into the imposing Main Cell Block in 1855. Known at first as the Convict Establishment, it held thousands of transported men before transportation to the colony ended in 1868, after which it continued as a state prison. The prison stayed in use until 1991, an unusually long working life that means its cramped cells, exercise yards, gallows and tunnels reflect more than 130 years of changing ideas about punishment. Since closing it has reopened as one of Western Australia's leading heritage attractions, and in 2010 it became the state's first site on the UNESCO World Heritage list, as one of eleven Australian Convict Sites recognised for telling the global story of convict transportation. Guided tours range from a daytime introduction to the convict era to torchlight tours after dark and a tour of the labyrinth of tunnels dug beneath the prison to supply its water. Visitors walk through original cell blocks where the artwork of former inmates still marks the walls, stand in the yard used for executions and hear stories of escapes, riots and daily life behind the walls. The gatehouse, with its visitor centre, gift shop and free-to-enter areas, anchors a site that sits within Fremantle's historic West End, close to the port's cafes and markets. As a place where the foundations of modern Western Australia were literally cut and laid by prisoners, the prison offers a sobering but compelling window into the colony's beginnings. Practical visits start at the gatehouse, where the visitor centre, gift shop and Convict Depot can be seen free of charge, while the cell blocks, tunnels and after-dark experiences require a ticketed tour. The Tunnels Tour, which combines a walk with a boat ride through the flooded passages beneath the prison, is among the most distinctive experiences in Western Australia and books out quickly. The prison sits a short walk from Fremantle's markets, harbour and the cafe strip known as the cappuccino strip, so it fits naturally into a day exploring the port city. Anniversaries, exhibitions and special events, including ones marking the famous Catalpa escape of Fenian prisoners, keep the program changing through the year for returning visitors.

Type: Tourist Attraction

Address: 1 The Terrace, Perth, Australia

Telephone: (08) 9336 9200

Website: https://fremantleprison.com.au

Opening Date: 01/01/1855